This research paper focuses on the analysis of the balance of payments of Chile during the period from 2012 to 2022. Chile's balance of payments represents a key indicator of the country's economic stability and international competitiveness, and its understanding is of crucial importance for the formulation of economic policies and strategies. The focus of the paper is on the analysis of primary income, the inflow of foreign direct investments (FDI), and their impact on the overall balance of the balance of payments. Chile, as a country rich in natural resources, especially copper, has a significant connection with the global market. During the analyzed period, the Chilean economy was faced with various challenges, including changes in copper prices, the COVID-19 pandemic, and global economic and trade opportunities. These factors significantly influenced the trend of current account sales, trade in goods and services, and the inflow and amount of foreign investments. By analyzing these elements, we investigate the impact of natural resources and foreign investments on the country's economic stability and its primary income deficit. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding international economic flows and their implications for the domestic economy, providing a basis for future economic analysis and policy making.