At present over-increasing market competition, and in times of recession and harder survival, it has become unquestionably important to keep each customer and offer service in the right way and at the right time. However, continuous technological development has made it easier to copy the product/service so that companies are becoming difficult to differentiate themselves from the competition. Technology has also facilitated copying of competing products/services, but what is almost impossible to duplicate is the ideas, experience and knowledge of company employees. Against this background, in modern business conditions, for companies there is an indispensable importance for the development of intellectual capital, because people are the ones who are in the making of competitive advantage. Therefore, the importance of employees, their skills and knowledge is increasingly emphasized, and the importance of intellectual capital in companies is increasing day by day. On the other hand, in today's turbulent conditions in which businesses are operating, employees are increasingly faced with stress at work because they are increasingly expected to do more, they have less time for responses and proposing solutions; teamwork and good co-operation with their colleagues are required , It encourages them to innovate and dynamise, etc. In this regard, specialists increasingly emphasizes importance of emotional intelligence of employees, whereby employees are required to have the ability to express and control their own emotions, but equally to understand, interpret and respond adequately to others emotions. In accordance with the foregoing, the subject of this thesis is "The Importance of Emotional Intelligence of Employees and the Role of Intellectual Capital in Contemporary Business Conditions".