The most profitable part of banking is the performance of payment transactions, which means payments between residents of different countries, with different currency, customs and legal systems, whereby one currency is converted into another. International payment transactions are regulated by the SEPA project as a single euro payments area that is valid for all EU member states. International payment instruments include documentary letter of credit, documentary collection, bank transfer and SEPA payment instruments. The SEPA system uses: SEPA credit transfer, SEPA direct debit, SEPA for payment cards, SEPA for cash and additionally SEPA and new forms of payment that include SEPA for mobile payments and e-SEPA. SEPA has the main goal of developing and implementing payment schemes for SEPA instruments, assisted by the European Payments Council as the organizing body for the formation of the infrastructure of this form of payment transactions. The implementation of the SEPA initiative in the Republic of Croatia actually means a change in the payment system, because SEPA is accompanied by domestic payment schemes in local currency (kuna).