This bachelor thesis explores the significance and role of sustainable bonds as a key instrument in financing projects that contribute to sustainable development, environmental protection and social inclusion. Sustainable bonds, including green, social, sustainability-linked and transition bonds, are increasingly important tools for raising capital intended for financing projects with positive impacts on the environment and society. These financial instruments enable companies, governments and institutions to invest in projects such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, social infrastructure and poverty alleviation. The bachelor thesis analyzes different types of sustainable financial instruments, their characteristics and practical applications, as well as their contribution to financial markets and investors. It particularly highlights their importance in achieving sustainable development goals, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting social equality. Additionally, it examines international guidelines and standards, such as ICMA guidelines and the Climate Bonds Standard, as well as national regulatory frameworks and tax incentives, which ensure transparency, integrity and trust in the sustainable financial instruments market. The bachelor thesis also includes an analysis of the growth and evolution of the sustainable bonds market, emphasizing their increasingly important role in the global financial system. Sustainable bonds are recognized as a significant tool for mobilizing capital aimed at projects that support the transition to a sustainable economy. Finally, the bachelor thesis underscores the importance of further development and stabilization of the sustainable bonds market, as well as their potential to become a fundamental pillar of global financial strategies in promoting sustainability.