In accounting theory and in practical business, one of the most important concepts is cost, and therefore accounting methods of cost calculation were chosen as the topic of this final thesis. This paper describes modern cost accounting methods, in the theoretical part, and presents the costs of a real company. In addition to traditional cost accounting methods, an increasing number of companies use modern methods, so the ABC method, EVA method and BCS cost accounting method are covered in the paper. Activity Costing (ABC) is a methodology for more precisely allocating overhead costs by assigning them to activities. EVA is a performance metric that calculates shareholder value creation; however, it differs from traditional financial performance metrics, such as net profit and earnings per share (EPS). Balanced Scorecard (abbreviation BSC) is a strategic planning and management system. The company Pliva, a member of the Teva Group, was taken as an example of costs by natural properties in this final paper. The aforementioned group represents one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world. After the analysis, it can be concluded that the total costs increased from year to year and in 2021 they amount to HRK 3,510,103. Consequently, although there are advantages to using a dedicated cost accounting system, it can be concluded that a company that is efficient enough to track its own costs can manage all of its records without establishing a formal system.