The transformation of the global economy with the goal of achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions by the middle of the century has become the primary goal of a large number of countries in the world. Except for the possible substitution of fossil fuels with energy from renewable sources, one of the ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions is capture and geological storage of CO2. The Republic of Croatia has significant CO2 storage potential in depleted oil and gas reservoirs, and within the framework of enhanced oil/gas recovery projects. Regional aquifers have the greatest potential for underground CO2 storage, but far less data is available for the analysis of CO2 injection into the aquifer than for explored oil, gas-condensate and gas fields. Almost half of the installed CCS capacities are located in the USA, which is the leader in the development and application of CCS technology. In 2022, 34 new projects were recorded in the USA, and the total capacities of CCS projects amounted to about 103 million tCO2/year. Great Britain, Australia and Canada are next in terms of the number of CCS projects, and among the European countries there are also Norway and the Netherlands, which record an increasing number of projects under development. In Croatia, CO2 is injected into geological structures at the Ivanić and Žutica North oil fields, primarily as a tertiary method of increasing oil extraction from the reservoir. The CO2 injection project on the Ivanić and Žutica North fields began in 2014 and was extended to the Žutica South oil field in 2020 with a total CO2 injection capacity of 1.2 million m3/day. The total capacity of oil and gas fields in the areas of the Sava and Drava depressions, which have been assessed as suitable for CO2 storage, is estimated at around 144 million tons of CO2. Deep saline aquifers, given their ability to absorb CO2, represent the greatest potential for underground CO2 storage. The total estimated capacity of deep saline aquifers for the geological storage of CO2 is estimated at about 2.6 billion tons of CO2, with the largest capacity located in the area of northern and central Croatia. Potential sectors, when it comes to the application of geological CO2 storage, are the energy transformation and industry sectors, which together participate in total emissions with about 9 million tons of CO2 per year. If we consider as potential sources of CO2 only those emitters that have an annual CO2 emission of more than 10,000 tons, their total annual CO2 emission amounts to about 6.9 million tons. It follows from the above that the capacity of the oil and gas fields analyzed in this study would be sufficient for the storage of carbon dioxide from the observed facilities for 20 years. If CO2 would be geologically stored in deep saline aquifers, then this capacity is much greater and would enable the disposal of carbon dioxide from the analyzed plants in a time period of almost 400 years.