In the Middle Ages, economic thought was shaped by various factors that influenced the development of economy and society. The influence of the Church on economic thought was significant. The Church promoted ideas of justice while simultaneously supporting the feudal system and holding ownership of land. The concept of poverty and the importance of religious orders were prominent in Church thinking, emphasizing a simple way of life and assistance to the poor. The Church also had a specific stance on trade and interest. Although trade was becomingi ncreasingly important in medieval society, the Church expressed caution towards greed and emphasized the moral aspects of trade. The development of trade and trade routes led to a commercial revolution and the emergence of a market economy. Cities became centers of trade and craftsmanship, with merchants playing an increasingly important role in economic development. Urban settlement and the development of urban life led to the rise of city communes and corporations, which promoted economic rights of citizens and influenced social relations. Monetary economy also experienced significant development. The introduction of paper money and the development of banking and credit systems changed the way business and trade were conducted. Monetary policy became an important factor in economic growth and inflation. Regarding law and justice in the economy, the Middle Ages promoted the concept of fair prices and fair labor. Ideas about property rights and ownership also evolved, taking into account social and moral aspects. In summary, the development of economic thought in the Middle Ages was shaped by the influence of the Church, the development of trade and market economy, monetary economics, and considerations of law and justice. These factors shaped the economic structure of the period and influenced economic development and social relations.