From ancient times, people felt the need to cover their bodies to protect themselves from the cold, the harmful effects of the sun, and other external factors necessary for survival. As early as the Neolithic period, man began to create fabric and make clothes from textiles. Until the first industrial revolution, the production of textiles and fabrics did not change significantly and did not have a particularly harmful impact on the environment. Indeed, most textile waste was able to decompose naturally and had no significant impact on the environment. With the advent of industrialization and the production of synthetic fibers, not only the availability of fabrics and the need for them increases, but also the harmful effects of the textile industry on the environment, which are no longer as small as before. The development of textile industry has significantly increased the pollution of water, air and soil, which poses a significant threat to the survival of life on earth. A new focus, i.e. the direction of the textile industry is to find new, sustainable and environmentally friendly ways of producing and processing textiles to prevent further irreversible pollution and destruction of water, air and soil.